Estimation of the frequency of inherited germline mutations by whole exome sequencing in ethyl nitrosourea-treated and untreated gpt delta mice

Table 3 Summary of the germlime mutagenicity estimated by NGS and TGR mutation assay

	NGS study	TGR mutation assay
	(Confirmed by Sanger seq.)
Background MF	11 ± 14 × 10⁻⁸/base^a	2.1 ± 1.7 × 10⁻⁶/reporter gene^b
ENU-induced MF	184 ± 48 × 10⁻⁸/base^a	44.4 ± 25.9 × 10⁻⁶/reporter gene^b
(Fold increase)	(17-fold)	(21-fold)
Target sequence	Whole exome	Neutral transgene
	(49.6 Mb)	(gpt: 456 bps)
Method of detection	Direct sequencing	Bacteria-mediated phenotypic selection
Source of DNA	Liver of offspring	Sperm of treated father
	(Inherited mutation)	(Germ cell mutation)

^aIndependent mutation frequency. Unit = 1. (Each unit contains father, mother and 4 F1s.)
^b gpt mutant frequency. N = 5

ISSN: 1880-7062