Fig. 3

Generation of reactive oxygen species in A549 cells treated with or without 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) or 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2) in the presence or absence of Cu(II). A549 cells were exposed for 30 min to: (a) vehicle; (b) 4NQO (1 μM); (c) 4NQO (1 μM) and Cu(II) (1.25 mM); (d) AF-2 (1 μM); (e) AF-2 (1 μM) and Cu(II) (1.25 mM). Intracellular reactive oxygen species were detected using a ROS/RNS Detection Kit (Enzo Life Sciences, Inc., Farmingdale, NY, USA). Each slide was scanned at a magnification of 200× using a fluorescence microscope