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Fig. 1 | Genes and Environment

Fig. 1

From: DNA polymerase kappa protects human cells against MMC-induced genotoxicity through error-free translesion DNA synthesis

Fig. 1

Establishment of the TK gene mutation assay in Nalm-6-MSH+ cells and their Pol κ derivatives. a Targeting strategy of knocking-in a +1-bp frameshift mutation in one allele of the TK1. The TK locus, targeting vector, targeted locus and Cre-mediated locus are shown. The black and hatched boxes represent innate exons and mutated exon 4 harboring a +1-bp frameshift, CCC to CCCC, respectively. Puror and triangles denotes the puromycin resistance gene and loxP sequences, respectively. DT-A is the gene encoding diphtheria toxin A used to prevent random integration of the targeting vector. b Genomic DNA sequence of the targeted region at exon 4 of the TK1 in wild-type (TK +/+) cells and the targeted (TK +/−) clones. c Relative survival and (d) TK mutant frequency in WT TK+/- and KO TK+/- cells treated with BPDE. Open and closed circles indicate the results for WT TK+/- and KO TK+/- cells, respectively. Each data point is the mean value of four independent experiments and error bars indicate standard errors. * denotes statistical significance compared to WT TK+/- cells treated at the same concentrations (P < 0.05)

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