Summarized data of genotoxicity tests for designated food additives in Japan

Yamada, Masami; Honma, Masamitsu

doi:10.1186/s41021-018-0115-2

Genes and Environment

Table 3 List of the results in genotoxicity tests for the 454 designated food additives (As of October 6, 2016)

From: Summarized data of genotoxicity tests for designated food additives in Japan

No.^a	Name	Functional classes	CAS#	Molecular weight	Genotoxicity tests					Remarks
No.^a	Name	Functional classes	CAS#	Molecular weight	Ames	CA	MN	TGR	Others	Remarks
1	zinc salts (limited to zinc gluconate and zinc sulfate)	Dietary supplement			-⁽¹³⁾	-^{H23 c}
2 ^b	chlorous acid water	Sterilizer	13898–47-0	68.45	+^{FSC1 d}	+^FSC1	-^FSC1
3 [20]	sodium chlorite	Bleaching agent etc.	7758-19-2	90.44	+⁽²⁾-⁽¹²⁾	+⁽²⁾	+⁽⁹⁾
4	nitrous oxide	Propellantt	10024–97-2	44.01	-^FSC2
5	adipic acid	Acidifier	124–04-9	146.14	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H22
6	sodium nitrite	Color fixative	7632–00-0	69.00	+⁽¹⁾ -⁽¹⁶⁾	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾	-^H21		Target organs for TG in mice: liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
7	l-ascorbic acid (vitamin C)	Antioxidant etc.	50–81-7	176.12	-^(1)(10)	-⁽¹⁾
8	calcium l -ascorbate	Dietary supplement etc.	5743-28-2	426.35	-^FSC3
9	l-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside	Antioxidant etc.	129499–78-1	338.26	-^H26	-^H26	-^FSC4
10	l-ascorbic stearate (vitamin C stearate)	Antioxidant etc.	25395–66-8	442.59	-^(4)(16)	-⁽⁴⁾
11	sodium l-ascorbate (vitamin C sodium)	Antioxidant etc.	134–03-2	198.11	-^H20	-^H20	-^H20
12	l-ascorbic palmitate (vitamim C palmitate)	Antioxidant etc.	137–66-6	414.53	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H22
13	asparaginase	Processing agent	9015–68-3		-^FSC5	-^FSC5
14	monosodium l -aspartate	Seasoning etc.	3792-50-5	173.10	-^(3)(17)	-⁽³⁾
15	aspartame (α- l -aspartyl- l -phenylalanine methyl ester)	Sweetener	22839–47-0	294.30	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H23
16 [21, 22]	acesulfame potassium	Sweetener etc.	55589–62-3	201.24	- ⁽²¹⁾	- ⁽²²⁾
17	acetylated distarch adipate	Thickening agents etc.	68130–14-3							Evaluated as modified starch
18	acetylated oxidized starch	Thickening agents etc.	68187–08-6							Evaluated as modified starch
19	acetylated distarch phosphate	Thickening agents etc.	–							Evaluated as modified starch
20	acetaldehyde	Flavoring agent etc.	75–07-0	44.05	-^FSC6	+^FSC6
21	ethyl acetoacetate	Flavoring agent	141–97-9	130.14	-^(3)(12)	-⁽³⁾
22	acetophenone	Flavoring agent	98–86-2	120.15	-⁽¹²⁾
23	acetone	Processing agent	67–64-1	58.08	-^(1)(17)	+⁽¹⁾
24	sodium selenite pentahydrate	Dietary supplement	10102–18-8	172.94	+^FSC7	+^FSC7	+^FSC7
25	azoxystrobin	Preservative etc.	131860–33-8	403.4	-^FSC8		-^FSC8
26	advantame	Sweetener	714229–20-6	476.52	-^FSC9		-^FSC9
27	anisaldehyde (p-methoxybenzaldehyde)	Flavoring agent	123–11-5	136.15	-^(2)(12)	-⁽²⁾
28	β-apo-8′-carotenal	Food color	1107–26-2	416.64	-^FSC10	-^FSC10	-^FSC10
29	(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) dimethylsulfonium chloride	Flavoring agent	3493-12-7	199.7	-^H21	-^H21	-^H21
30	amylalcohol	Flavoring agent	71–41-0	88.15	- ^H16	- ^H16
31	α-amylcinnamaldehyde (α-amylcinnamic aldehyde)	Flavoring agent	122–40-7	202.29	-⁽¹²⁾	-^H24
32	dl-alanine	Seasoning etc.	302–72-7	89.09	-^(3)(17)	-⁽³⁾
33	sodium sulfite	Preservative etc.	7757-83-7	126.04	-^(1)(12)	-⁽¹⁾				Crystalline form and anhydrous form were used for tests in (1) and (12), respectively.
34	l -arginine l -glutamate	Seasoning etc.	4320–30-3	321.33	-^(4)(20)	-⁽⁴⁾
35	ammonium alginate	Emulsifier etc.	9005–34-9		-^FSC11
36	potassium alginate	Emulsifier etc.	9005–36-1		-^FSC12
37	calcium alginate	Emulsifier etc.	9005–35-0							See compounds with different salt
38 [23]	sodium alginate	Thickening agents	9005–38-3		-^(2)(8)(18)	-⁽²⁾
39	propylene glycol alginate	Thickening agents			-^(2)(13)	-⁽²⁾
40	benzoic acid	Preservative	65–85-0	122.12	-^(2)(11)	-⁽²⁾
41	sodium benzoate	Preservative	532–32-1	144.10	-^(1)(19)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H20
42	methyl anthranilate	Flavoring agent	134–20-3	151.16	-⁽¹²⁾	+^H22
43	ammonia	Processing agent	7664-41-7	17.03	-⁽¹⁸⁾
44	ammonium isovalerate	Flavoring agent	1449430–58-3	323.43	-^H17	-^H17
45	ionone	Flavoring agent	8013-90-9	192.30	-⁽²⁰⁾	-^H24				Mixture of α and β-ionone were used for the assay
46	ion exchange resin	Processing agent
47	isoamylalcohol	Flavoring agent	123–51-3	88.15	- ^H16	- ^H16	- ^H16
48	isoeugenol	Flavoring agent	97–54-1	164.20	-⁽¹²⁾	-^H23
49	isoamyl isovalerate	Flavoring agent	659–70-1	172.26	-^(3)(12)	-⁽³⁾
50	ethyl isovalerate	Flavoring agent	108–64-5	130.18	-^(3)(12)	-⁽³⁾
51	isoquinoline	Flavoring agent	119–65-3	129.16		+^H18	-^H21
52 [24]	isothiocyanates (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent	542–85-8		-⁽¹⁹⁾					Ethyl thiocyanate was used for the assay.
53	allyl isothiocyanate (volatile oil of mustard)	Flavoring agent	57–06-7	99.16	-⁽¹²⁾	+^H22
54	isovaleraldehyde	Flavoring agent	590–86-3	86.13	-^FSC13		- ^H17
55	isobutanol	Flavoring agent	78–83-1	74.12	-^FSC14	- ^H16
56	isobutyraldehyde (isobutanal)	Flavoring agent	78–84-2	72.11	-^FSC15	+^FSC15	-^FSC15
57	isopropanol	Processing agent etc.	67–63-0	60.10	-^FSC16		-^FSC16
58	isopentylamine	Flavoring agent	107–85-7	87.16	-^H18	-^H18	-^H18
59 [25]	l -isoleucine	Dietary supplement	73–32-5	131.17	-^(3)(15)	-⁽³⁾
60	disodium 5′-inosinate (sodium 5′-inosinate)	Seasoning etc.	4691–65-0	392.17	-^(1)(17)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H20
61	imazalil	Antimolding agent	35554–44-0	297.18	-⁽²⁰⁾
62	indoles and its derivatives	Flavoring agent	120–72-9 (indole)		-⁽¹⁹⁾-^H26	-^H23
63	disodium 5′-uridylate (sodium 5′-uridylate)	Seasoning etc.	3387–36-8	368.15	-^(1)(17)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H22
64	γ-undecalactone (undecalactone)	Flavoring agent	104–67-6	184.28	-^(3)(12)	-⁽³⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
65	ester gum	Chewing gum base			-⁽²⁾	-⁽²⁾
66	esters	Flavoring agent			-^{(2) or (4)}	-^{(2) or (4)}				Cinnamyl anthranilate, ethyl caprylate, allyl caproate, ethyl caproate were included.
67	mixture of 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	55031–15-7	136.20	-^FSC17
68	ethylvanillin	Flavoring agent	121–32-4	166.17	-^(2)(12)	-⁽²⁾
69	2-ethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	13925–00-3	108.14			+^H16
70	3-ethylpyridine	Flavoring agent	536–78-7	107.15		+^H16	-^H17
71	2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	15707–23-0	122.17	- ^H16	- ^H16	- ^H16
72	2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	13360–64-0	122.17	- ^H16	- ^H16
73	2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	13925–03-6	122.17	- ^H17	- ^H17				The test substrate was mixture with 2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine.
74	5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine	Flavoring agent	104–90-5	121.18	-^FSC18		-^FSC18
75	calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (calcium disodium edta)	Antioxidant	62–33-9	410.30	-⁽¹³⁾	-^H22
76	disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (disodium, EDTA)	Antioxidant	6381-92-6	372.24	-⁽¹³⁾
77	ethers	Flavoring agent
78	erythorbic acid (isoascorbic acid)	Antioxidant	89–65-6	176.12	+⁽²⁾ -⁽¹⁷⁾	-⁽²⁾	-⁽⁹⁾	-^H21		Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
79	sodium erythorbate (sodium isoascorbate)	Antioxidant	6381–77-7	216.12	-^(1)(14)	-⁽¹⁾
80	ergocalciferol (calciferol or vitamin D2)	Dietary supplement	50–14-6	396.65	-^(1)(20)	-⁽¹⁾
81	ammonium chloride	Raising agent	12125–02-9	53.49	-^(2)(16)	+⁽²⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
82	potassium chloride	Seasoning	7447-40-7	74.55	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H23
83	calcium chloride	Tofu coagulator etc.	10043–52-4	110.98	-^(1)(12)	-⁽¹⁾
84	ferric chloride	Dietary supplement	10025–77-1	270.29	-^(4)(15)	-⁽⁴⁾
85	magnesium chloride	Tofu coagulator etc.	7791-18-6	203.30	-^(4)(5)(18)	-⁽⁴⁾
86	hydrochloric acid	Processing agent	7647–01-0	36.46	-⁽¹⁶⁾
87	eugenol	Flavoring agent	97–53-0	164.20	-^(2)(14)	+⁽²⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
88	octanal (capryl aldehyde or octyl aldehyde)	Flavoring agent	124–13-0	128.21	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H22
89	octanoic acid	Flavoring agent	124–07-2		-^FSC19
90	ethyl octanoate (ethyl caprylate)	Flavoring agent	106–32-1	172.26	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H25
91	starch sodium octenyl succinate	Thickening agents etc.	–		-^FSC20
92	o -phenylphenol and sodium o -phenylphenate	Antimolding agent	90–43-7	170.21	-⁽¹⁾					o -phenylphenol was negative in CA
93	sodium oleate	Film-forming agent	143–19-1	304.44	-⁽¹⁴⁾
94	peracetic acid	Preservative etc.	79–21-0		+^FSC21	+^FSC21	-^FSC21
95	hydrogen peroxide	Sterilizer	7722-84-1	34.01	-^(1)(16)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H21
96	benzoyl peroxide	Flour treatment agent	94–36-0	242.23	-^(1)(12)	-⁽¹⁾
97	sodium caseinate	Processing agent	9005-46-3		-^(5)(18)	-⁽⁵⁾
98	ammonium persulfate	Flour treatment agent	7727-54-0	228.20	-^(2)(12)	-⁽²⁾
99	calcium carboxymethylcellulose (calcium cellulose glycolate)	Thickening agents	9050-04-8		-⁽⁴⁾	-⁽⁴⁾
100	sodium carboxymethylcellulose (sodium cellulose glycolate)	Thickening agents	9004-32-4		-^(1)(13)	-⁽¹⁾
101	β-carotene	Food color etc.	7235-40-7	536.88	-^(1)(13)	±⁽¹⁾
102	canthaxanthin	Food color	514–78-3	564.82	-^FSC22	-^FSC22	-^FSC22
103	isoamyl formate	Flavoring agent	110–45-2	116.16	-^(3)(16)	-⁽³⁾
104	geranyl formate	Flavoring agent	105–86-2	182.26	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H24
105	citronellyl formate	Flavoring agent	105–85-1		-⁽²⁰⁾	-^H24
106 [26]	xylitol	Sweetener	87–99-0	152.15	- ⁽²³⁾		- ⁽²³⁾
107	disodium 5′-guanylate (sodium 5′-guanylate)	Flavoring agent etc.	5550-12-9	407.18	-^(3)(17)	-⁽³⁾
108	citric acid	Acidifier	77–92-9	192.12	-^(1)(15)	-⁽¹⁾				Crystalline form and anhydrous form were used for tests in (1) and (5), respectively.
109	isopropyl citrate	Antioxidant	39413–05-3		-⁽¹³⁾
110	triethyl citrate	Sweetener	77–93-0	276.28	-^H26	-^H26	-^H26
111	monopotassium citrate and tripotassium citrate	Flavoring agent etc.	866–83-1	230.21	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-⁽⁸⁾-^H25			Rec assay: +⁽⁸⁾	monopotassium citrate and tripotassium citrate were used in (17), monopotassium citrate was used in (8), tripotassium citrate was used in H25
112	calcium citrate	Dietary supplement etc.	813–94-5	570.49	-^(5)(13)	-⁽⁵⁾
113	sodium ferrous citrate (sodium iron citrate)	Dietary supplement	50717–86-7	526.01	-^H22	+^H22
114	ferric citrate	Dietary supplement	77–92-9	192.12	-^(4)(15)	-⁽⁴⁾
115	ferric ammonium citrate	Dietary supplement	1185–57-5		-^(4)(15)	-⁽⁴⁾
116	trisodium citrate (sodium citrate)	Acidifier	68–04-2	258.07	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-⁽¹⁾
117	glycine	Seasoning etc.	56–40-6	75.07	-^(3)(19)	-⁽³⁾				Crystalline form and powdery form were used for tests in (3), and Crystalline form for (19)
118	glycerol (glycerin)	Processing agent	56–81-5	92.09	-^(2)(19)	-⁽²⁾
119	glycerol esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier			-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾
120	calcium glycerophosphate	Dietary supplement	27214–00-2	210.14	-^(2)(12)	-⁽²⁾
121	disodium glycyrrhizinate	Sweetener	68797–35-3	899.11	-⁽¹⁾	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
122	glucono-delta-lactone (gluconolactone)	Acidifier	90–80-2	178.14	-^(1)(15)	-⁽¹⁾
123	gluconic acid	Acidifier	526–95-4	196.16	-^(4)(15)	-⁽⁴⁾
124	potassium gluconate	Acidifier	299–27-4	234.25		-⁽⁸⁾			Rec assay: -⁽⁸⁾
125	calcium gluconate	Dietary supplement	299–28-5	448.39	-^(5)(12)	-⁽⁵⁾
126	ferrous gluconate (iron gluconate)	Dietary supplement etc.	299–29-6	446.14	-⁽¹⁹⁾	+^H25
127	sodium gluconate	Emulsifier etc.	527–07-1	218.14						See substrates with different salt
128	glutamyl-valyl-glycine	Seasoning	38837–70-6	303.31	-^FSC23	-^FSC23	-^FSC23
129	l-glutamic acid	Seasoning	56–86-0	147.13	-^(5)(19)	-⁽⁵⁾
130	monoammonium l-glutamate	Seasoning etc.	7558-63-6	182.18	-^FSC24				Rec assay: -^FSC24
131	monopotassium l-glutamate	Seasoning etc.	6382-01-0	203.23	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H25
132	monocalcium di-l-glutamate	Dietary supplement etc.	69704–19-4	404.38						See substrate with different salt
133	monosodium l-glutamate	Seasoning etc.	6106-04-3	187.13	-^(1)(19)	-⁽¹⁾
134	monomagnesium di- l-glutamate	Dietary supplement etc.	129160–51-6	388.61						See substrate with different salt
135	calcium silicate	Processing agent	38837–70-6		-^FSC25	-^FSC25
136	magnesium silicate	Processing agent	1343-88-0		-^FSC26
137	cinnamic acid	Flavoring agent	140–10-3	148.16	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H23
138	ethyl cinnamate	Flavoring agent	103–36-6	176.21	-^(2)(14)	-⁽²⁾
139	methyl cinnamate	Flavoring agent	103–26-4	162.19	-⁽¹⁴⁾	+^H23
140	ketones	Flavoring agent
141	geraniol	Flavoring agent	106–24-1	154.25	-^(2)(14)	-⁽²⁾
142	high test hypochlorite	bleaching agent etc.			+⁽³⁾ -⁽²⁰⁾	+⁽³⁾	-⁽⁴⁾
143	succinic acid	Acidifier etc.	110–15-6	118.09	-^(1)(15)	-⁽¹⁾
144	monosodium succinate	Seasoning etc.	2922-54-5	140.07	-⁽¹⁹⁾	-^H23-^H26
145	disodium succinate	Seasoning etc.	150–90-3	162.05	-^(1)(19)	±⁽¹⁾
146	cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)	Dietary supplement	67–97-0	384.64	-^(3)(20)	-⁽³⁾
147	sodium chondroitin sulfate	Humectant etc.	12678–07-8		-^(3)(14)	-⁽³⁾
148	isoamyl acetate	Flavoring agent	123–92-2	130.18	-^(3)(14)	-⁽³⁾
149	ethyl acetate	Flavoring agent etc.	141–78-6	88.11	-^(1)(16)	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
150	calcium acetate	Dietary supplement etc.	62–54-4	158.17						See substrates with different salt
151	geranyl acetate	Flavoring agent	105–87-3	196.29	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H24
152	cyclohexyl acetate	Flavoring agent	622–45-7	142.20	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H25
153	citronellyl acetate	Flavoring agent	150–84-5	198.30	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H24
154	cinnamyl acetate	Flavoring agent	103–54-8	176.21	-⁽¹⁴⁾	+^H24
155	terpinyl acetate	Flavoring agent	8007-35-0	196.29	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H24
156	starch acetate	Thickening agents etc.	9045–28-7		-^FSC20	-^FSC20	-^FSC20
157	sodium acetate	Acidifier etc.	127–09-3	82.03	-^(2)(18)	-⁽²⁾				Crystalline form was used in (2), and anhydrous form was used in (18).
158	polyvinyl acetate	Chewing gum base etc.			-^(3)(14)	-⁽³⁾
159	phenethyl acetate (phenylethyl acetate)	Flavoring agent	103–45-7	164.20	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H24
160	butyl acetate	Flavoring agent	123–86-4	116.16	-^(3)(15)	-⁽³⁾
161	benzyl acetate	Flavoring agent	140–11-4	150.17	-^(4)(15)	-⁽⁴⁾
162	l-menthyl acetate	Flavoring agent	2623-23-6	198.30	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H22
163	linalyl acetate	Flavoring agent	115–95-7	196.29	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H23
164	saccharin	Sweetener	81–07-2	183.19	-^(2)(14)	-⁽²⁾
165	calcium saccharin	Sweetener	6381-91-5	467.48		+^FSC27
166 [27]	sodium saccharin (soluble saccharin)	Sweetener	128–44-9	205.17	-^(1)(11)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H21
167	methyl salicylate	Flavoring agent	119–36-8	152.15	-^(2)(15)	-⁽²⁾
168	calcium oxide	Processing agent	1305-78-8	56.08	-^FSC28
169	oxidized starch	Thickening agents etc.	–		-^FSC20	-^FSC20	-^FSC20
170	magnesium oxide	Absorbent etc.	1309–48-4	40.30	-⁽¹³⁾	-^H22
171 [28]	iron sesquioxide (diiron trioxide or iron oxide red)	Food color	1309–37-1	159.69	-^(4)(6)(19)	-⁽⁴⁾	-⁽⁸⁾		Rec assay: -⁽⁶⁾
172	hypochlorous acid water	Preservative			- ^H6
173	sodium hypochlorite (hypochlorite of soda)	Sterilizer etc.	7681–52-9	74.44	+⁽¹⁾ -⁽¹²⁾	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
174	hypobromous acid water	Sterilizer	13517–11-8	96.91	-^FSC29	-^FSC29				5,5-Dimethylhydantoin was used for the assays.
175	sodium hydrosulfite (hydrosulfite)	bleaching agent etc.	7775–14-6	174.11	-^(2)(12)	-⁽²⁾
176	2,3-diethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	15707–24-1	136.19	-^H15	+^H15	+^H16
177	2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	18138–04-0	150.22	-^H17	-^H17	-^H18
178	allyl cyclohexylpropionate	Flavoring agent	2705-87-5	196.29	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H22
179	l-cystein monohydrochloride	Antioxidant etc.	7048–04-6	175.64	+^(4)(14)	+⁽⁴⁾	-⁽⁹⁾	-^H21		Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
180	disodium 5′-cytidylate (sodium 5′-cytidylate)	Seasoning	6757–06-8	367.16	-^(1)(19)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H22
181	citral	Flavoring agent	5392–40-5	152.23	-^(3)(4)(14)	-⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾
182	citronellal	Flavoring agent	106–23-0	154.25	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-⁽⁵⁾	-⁽⁸⁾
183	citronellol	Flavoring agent	106–22-9	156.27	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H22
184	1,8-cineole (eucalyptol)	Flavoring agent	470–82-6	154.25	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H22
185 [29]	diphenyl (biphenyl)	Antimolding agent	92–52-4	154.21	-^(1)(10)	-⁽¹⁾
186	butylated hydroxytoluene	Antioxidant	128–37-0	220.35	-⁽¹⁰⁾	-⁽¹⁾
187	dibenzoyl thiamine	Dietary supplement	299–88-7	490.58	-^(5)(12)	-⁽⁵⁾
188	dibenzoyl thiamine hydrochloride	Dietary supplement	35660–60-7	527.04	-⁽¹⁾-^H26	-⁽¹⁾+^H26
189	fatty acids	Flavoring agent
190	aliphatic higher alcohols	Flavoring agent			-⁽¹⁴⁾
191	aliphatic higher aldehydes (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
192	aliphatic higher hydrocarbons (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
193	2,3-dimethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	5910-89-4	108.14	-^FSC30	-^H16
194	2,5-dimethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	123–32-0	108.14	-^FSC31		-^H16
195	2,6-dimethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	108–50-9	108.14	-^FSC32		-^H16
196	2,6-dimethylpyridine	Flavoring agent	108–48-5	107.15	-^FSC33	-^H18	-^H18
197	oxalic acid	Processing agent	6153-56-6	126.07	-^(3)(13)	-⁽³⁾
198	potassium bromate	Flour treatment agent	7758-01-2	167.00	+⁽¹⁾ -⁽¹²⁾	+⁽¹⁾	+⁽⁹⁾
199	dl-tartaric acid (dl -tartaric acid)	Acidifier	133–37-9	150.09	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H23
200	l-tartaric acid (d -tartaric acid)	Acidifier	87–69-4	150.09	-^(2)(15)	- ⁽²⁾				Identical to d-tartaric acid
201	potassium dl-bitartrate (potassium hydrogen dl-tartrate or potassium hydrogen dl-tartrate)	Processing agent etc.			-^H22	-^H22
202	potassium l-bitartrate (potassium hydrogen l-tartrate or potassium hydrogen d -tartrate)	Raising agent	868–14-4	188.18	-^(2)(19)	- ⁽²⁾				Identical to potassium hydrogen d-tartarate
203	disodium dl-tartrate (disodium dl-tartrate)	Processing agent etc.
204	disodium l-tartrate (disodium l -tartrate)	Seasoning	6106-24-7	194.05	-^(1)(19)	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾			Identical to disodium d-tartarate
205	potassium nitrate	Fermentation regulator etc.	7757-79-1	101.10	-^(4)(13)	-⁽⁴⁾
206	sodium nitrate	Fermentation regulator etc.	7631-99-4	84.99	-^(1)(13)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H21
207	food red no.2 (amaranth) and its aluminum lake	Food color	915–67-3	604.48	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾
208	food red no.3 (erythrosine) and its aluminum lake	Food color	16423–68-0	897.87	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾	- ⁽²⁾
209	food red no.40 (allura red ac) and its aluminum lake	Food color	25956–17-6	496.42	-⁽²⁰⁾		-^H20	-^H20, -^H23	Comet: -^H20, -^H23	Target organs for Comet in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach).Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach) for (H20), liver, colon for (H23)
210	food red no.102 (new coccine)	Food color	2611–82-7	631.50	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾	- ⁽²⁾	-^H20	Comet: (+)^H20	Target organs for Comet in mice:liver; pseudo positive, stomach (glandular stomach); negative. Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
211	food red no.104 (phloxine)	Food color	18472–87-2	829.63	-^(1)(18)	-⁽¹⁾		-^H20	Comet: +^H20	Target organs for Comet in mice:liver; pseudo positive, stomach (glandular stomach) in mice; positive. Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
212	food red no.105 (rose bengale)	Food color	632–69-9	1017.64	-^(1)(18)	-⁽¹⁾		-^H20	Comet: +^H20	Target organs for Comet:liver, stomach (glandular stomach) in mice, positive for both. Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
213	food red no.106 (acid red)	Food color	3520-42-1	580.65	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾	- ⁽²⁾
214	food yellow no.4 (tartrazine) and its aluminum lake	Food color	1934-21-0	534.37	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾	- ⁽⁹⁾
215	food yellow no.5 (sunset yellow fcf) and its aluminum lake	Food color	2783-94-0	452.37	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H21
216	food green no.3 (fast green fcf) and its aluminum lake	Food color	2353-45-9	808.85	-^(1)(18)	-⁽¹⁾	-⁽²⁾			High purity sample was used in (1).
217	food blue no.1 (brilliant blue fcf) and its aluminum lake	Food color	3844-45-9	792.85	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H21
218	food blue no.2 (indigo carmine) and its aluminum lake	Food color	860–22-0	466.35	-^(1)(18)	+⁽¹⁾
219	sucrose esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier			-^(1)(20)	±⁽¹⁾
220	silicone resin (polydimethylsiloxane)	Antiforming agent			-⁽²⁾	- ⁽²⁾
221	cinnamyl alcohol (cinnamic alcohols)	Flavoring agent	104–54-1	134.18	-⁽¹⁶⁾	+^H24
222	cinnamaldehyde (cinnamic aldehyde)	Flavoring agent	14371–10-9	132.16	+⁽³⁾–⁽¹⁴⁾	+⁽³⁾	-⁽⁹⁾	-^H22		Target organs for TGR:liver, small intestine (Jejunum) in mice
223	potassium hydroxide (caustic potash)	Processing agent	1310-58-3	56.11	-⁽¹⁷⁾
224	calcium hydroxide (slaked lime)	Processing agent etc.	1305-62-0	74.09	-^(5)(14)	-⁽⁵⁾
225	sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)	Processing agent	1310-73-2	40.00	-⁽¹⁶⁾
226	magnesium hydroxide	Dietary supplement etc.	1309–42-8	58.32	-^FSC34
227 [30]	sucralose (trichlorogalactosucrose)	Sweetener	56038–13-2	397.64	- ⁽²⁴⁾		- ⁽²⁴⁾
228	calcium stearate	Dietary supplement	1592–23-0	324.56
229	magnesium stearate	Emulsifier etc.	557–04-0	591.24	-^H13	-^H13	-^H13			See calcium stearate
230	calcium stearoyl lactylate (calcium stearyl lactylate)	Emulsifier	5793-94-2		-⁽³⁾	-⁽³⁾
231	sodium stearoyl lactylate	Emulsifier etc.	25383–99-7	378.53						See calcium stearoyl lactylate
232	sorbitan esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier			-^(1)(20)	±⁽¹⁾
233	d-sorbitol (d-sorbit)	Sweetener etc.	50–70-4	182.17	-^(1)(11)	-⁽¹⁾				d-Sorbit WP was also used in (1).
234	sorbic acid	Preservative	110–44-1	112.13	-^(2)(16)	-⁽²⁾
235	potassium sorbate	Preservative	24634–61-5	150.22	-^(1)(11)	+⁽¹⁾	-^H20
236	calcium sorbate	Preservative etc.	7492-55-9	262.32						See potassium sorbate
237	ammonium carbonate	Processing agent etc.	506–87-6	96.09	-⁽¹⁹⁾	-^H23
238	potassium carbonate (anhydrous)	Processing agent etc.	584–08-7	138.21	-^(4)(19)	-⁽⁴⁾
239	calcium carbonate	Processing agent etc.	471–34-1	100.09	-⁽¹²⁾	+^H23
240	ammonium bicarbonate (ammonium hydrogen carbonate)	Raising agent etc.	1066-33-7	79.06	-^(4)(19)	-⁽⁴⁾
241	sodium bicarbonate (bicarbonate soda or sodium hydrogen carbonate)	Raising agent etc.	144–55-8	84.01	-^(2)(19)	-⁽²⁾
242	sodium carbonate (crystal: carbonate soda, anhydrous: soda ash)	Processing agent	497–19-8	105.99	-^(3)(19)	-⁽³⁾				Crystalline form was used in (3), and anhydrous form was used for in (19).
243	magnesium carbonate	Processing agent	546–93-0	84.31	-^(5)(13)	-⁽⁵⁾
244	thiabendazole	Antimolding agent	148–79-8	201.25	-^(1)(10)	-⁽¹⁾
245	thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1 hydrochloride)	Dietary supplement	67–03-8	337.27	-^(2)(11)	-⁽²⁾
246	thiamine mononitrate (vitamin B1 mononitrate)	Dietary supplement	532–43-4	327.36	-^(5)(15)	-⁽⁵⁾
247	thiamine dicetylsulfate (vitamin B1 dicetylsulfate)	Dietary supplement			-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾
248	thiamine thiocyanate (vitamin B1 thiocyanate)	Dietary supplement	130131–60-1	341.45						See thiamine hydrochloride
249	thiamine naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate (vitamin B1naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate)	Dietary supplement			-⁽²⁾	-⁽²⁾
250	thiamine dilaurylsulfate (vitamin B1 dilaurylsulfate)	Dietary supplement etc.			-⁽²⁾	-⁽²⁾
251	thioethers (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
252	thiols (thioalcohols) (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
253	l -theanine	Seasoning	3081-61-6	174.20	-^(4)(19)	-⁽⁴⁾
254	decanal (decyl aldehyde)	Flavoring agent	112–31-2	156.27	-^(3)(16)	-⁽³⁾
255	decanol (decyl alcohol)	Flavoring agent	112–30-1	158.28	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H25
256	ethyl decanoate (ethyl caprate)	Flavoring agent	110–38-3	200.32	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H25
257	sodium iron chlorophyllin	Food color			-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾
258	5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline	Flavoring agent	34413–35-9	134.18	-^H16	-^H16
259	2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	1124–11-4	136.20	-^FSC35
260	sodium dehydroacetate	Preservative	4418-26-2	208.14	-^(1)(11)	+⁽¹⁾	+⁽⁹⁾
261	terpineol	Flavoring agent	8000-41-7	154.25	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H22
262	terpene hydrocarbons	Flavoring agent
263	sodium carboxymethylstarch	Thickening agents			-⁽³⁾	-⁽³⁾
264	copper salts (limited to copper gluconate and cupric	Dietary supplement			-⁽¹³⁾
265	sodium copper chlorophyllin	Food color	28302–36-5	722.13	-^(1)(13)	-⁽¹⁾
266	copper chlorophyll	Food color	15739–09-0		-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾
267	dl -α-tocopherol	Antioxidant	50–02-9	430.71	-^(1)(10)	-⁽¹⁾
268	all-racemic-α-tocopheryl acetate	Dietary supplement etc.			-^FSC36					Identical to dl-α-tocopheryl acetate
269	R,R,R -α-tocopheryl acetate	Dietary supplement etc.								See all-racemic -α-tocopheryl acetate
270	dl-tryptophan	Dietary supplement etc.	54–12-6	204.23	-^(2)(15)	-⁽²⁾
271	l-tryptophan	Dietary supplement etc.	73–22-3	204.23	-^(2)(15)	-⁽²⁾
272	trimethylamine	Flavoring agent	75–50-3	59.11	-^H11	+^H11	-^H17
273	2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine	Flavoring agent	14667–55-1	122.17	-^H15	-^H15
274	dl-threonine	Dietary supplement etc.	80–68-2	119.12	-^(2)(15)	-⁽²⁾
275	l -threonine	Dietary supplement etc.	72–19-5	119.12	-^(2)(15)	-⁽²⁾
276	nisin	Preservative etc.	1414–45-5	3354.07	-^FSC37		-^FSC37
277	natamycin	Preservative	7681-93-8	665.73	-^FSC38	+^FSC38
278	sodium methoxide (sodium methylate)	Processing agent	124–41-4	54.02	-⁽¹⁴⁾
279	nicotinic acid (niacin)	Dietary supplement etc.	59–67-6	123.11	-^(3)(11)	-⁽³⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
280	nicotinamide (niacinamide)	Dietary supplement etc.	98–92-0	122.12	-^(2)(11)	-⁽²⁾
281	sulfur dioxide (sulfurous acid, anhydride)	Preservative etc.	7446-09-5	64.06
282	chlorine dioxide	Flour treatment agent	10049–04-4	67.45	+⁽⁴⁾–⁽⁴⁾	+⁽⁴⁾	+⁽⁹⁾			Ames showed positive for liquid form and negative for powdery form, CA showed numerical abnormality for powdery form, liquid form was used in MN
283	silicon dioxide (silica gel)	Filtration aid	14464–46-1	60.08	-⁽²⁰⁾
284	carbon dioxide (carbonic acid, gas)	Preservative	124–38-9	44.01
285	titanium dioxide	Food color	13463–67-7	79.87	-⁽¹⁹⁾	-^H22
286	lactic acid	Acidifier	50–21-5	90.08	-^(3)(18)	-⁽³⁾				Samples were distinguished whether in a glass container or a plastic container
287	potassium lactate	Seasoning etc.	996–31-6	128.17		-^FSC39			Rec assay: -^FSC39
288	calcium lactate	Sweetener etc.	814–80-2	218.22	-⁽¹³⁾	-^H23
289	iron lactate	Dietary supplement	5905-52-2	233.99	-⁽¹⁸⁾ + ⁽⁵⁾	+⁽⁵⁾	-⁽⁷⁾	-^H23		Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, kidneys
290	sodium lactate	Acidifier etc.	72–17-3	112.06	-^(4)(19)	-⁽⁴⁾
291	neotame	Sweetener etc.	165450–17-9	378.46	-^FSC40	-^FSC40	-^FSC40
292	γ-nonalactone (nonalactone)	Flavoring agent	104–61-0		-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H22
293	potassium norbixin	Food color	33261–80-2	456.66	-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾
294	sodium norbixin	Food color	33261–81-3	424.45	-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾
295	vanillin	Flavoring agent	121–33-5	152.15	-^(2)(16)	-⁽²⁾
296	isobutyl p -hydroxybenzoate	Preservative	4247–02-3	194.23	-^(1)(16)	-⁽¹⁾
297	isopropyl p -hydroxybenzoate	Preservative	4191-73-5	180.20	-^(1)(16)	-⁽¹⁾
298	ethyl p -hydroxybenzoate	Preservative	120–47-8	166.17	-^(1)(16)	+⁽¹⁾
299	butyl p -hydroxybenzoate	Preservative	94–26-8	194.23	-^(1)(10)	-⁽¹⁾
300	propyl p -hydroxybenzoate	Preservative	94–13-3	180.20	-⁽¹⁶⁾	+^H25
301	p -methylacetophenone	Flavoring agent	122–00-9	134.18	-⁽¹⁶⁾	+^H24
302	l -valine	Dietary supplement etc.	72–18-4	117.15	-^(3)(18)	-⁽³⁾
303	valeraldehyde	Flavoring agent	110–62-3	86.13	-^FSC41		-^H17
304	calcium pantothenate	Dietary supplement	137–08-6	476.53	-^(3)(12)	-⁽³⁾
305	sodium pantothenate	Dietary supplement	75033–16-8		-^(5)(11)	-⁽⁵⁾
306	biotin	Dietary supplement	58–85-5	244.31	-^FSC42					identical to d-biotin
307	l -histidine monohydrochloride	Dietary supplement	7048–02-4	209.63	-⁽⁵⁾	-⁽⁵⁾
308	bisbentiamine (benzoylthiamine disulfide)	Dietary supplement	2667-89-2	770.92	-⁽⁴⁾ -^H23	-⁽⁴⁾ ± ^H23
309	vitamin A (retinol)	Dietary supplement	68–26-8	286.45	-⁽²⁰⁾	-^H23
310	vitamin a fatty acids esters (retinol esters of fatty acids esters)	Dietary supplement			-⁽¹⁾	-⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
311	1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid	Processing agent	2809-21-4		-^FSC19	-^FSC19
312	hydroxycitronellal	Flavoring agent	107–75-5	172.26	-⁽²⁰⁾	+^H24
313 [31]	hydroxycitronellal dimethylacetal	Flavoring agent	141–92-4	218.33	- ⁽²⁵⁾		- ⁽²⁵⁾
314	hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate	Thickening agents etc.	5324-00-8							Evaluated as modified starch
315	hydroxypropyl cellulose	Emulsifier etc.	9004–64-2		-^FSC43
316	hydroxypropyl starch	Thickening agents etc.	68130–14-3							Evaluated as modified starch
317	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	Emulsifier etc.	9004–65-3		-^H12	-^H12	-^H12
318	piperidine	Flavoring agent	110–89-4	85.15	-^FSC44	-^H17	-^H17
319	piperonal (heliotropine)	Flavoring agent	120–57-0	150.13	+⁽¹⁶⁾		-^H22	-^H23		Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, kidneys
320	piperonyl butoxide	Insecticide	51–03-6	338.44	-^(1)(19)	-⁽¹⁾
321	sunflower lecithin	Emulsifier	8002–43-5		-^FSC45	-^FSC45
322	acetic acid, glacial	Acidifier	64–19-7	60.05	-^(4)(17)	-⁽⁴⁾
323	pyrazine	Flavoring agent	290–37-9	80.09	-^FSC46	+^FSC46	-^H18
324	pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6)	Dietary supplement	58–56-0	205.64	-^(2)(11)	-⁽²⁾
325	pyrimethanil	Preservative etc.	131341–86-1	199.26	-^FSC47		-^FSC47		Rec assay: -^FSC47
326	potassium pyrosulfite (potassium hydrogen sulfite or potassium metabisulfite)	Preservative etc.	16731–55-8	222.33	-^(1)(12)	-⁽¹⁾
327	sodium pyrosulfite (sodium metabisulfite, acid sulfite of soda)	Preservative etc.	7681–57-4	190.11	-^(3)(19)	-⁽³⁾				Described as sodium bisulfite, anhydrous
328	pyrrolidine	Flavoring agent	123–75-1	71.12	-^FSC48	+^H17	-^H18
329	potassium pyrophosphate (tetrapotassium pyrophosphate)	Processing agent	7320–34-5	330.34	-⁽¹⁵⁾	-^H22
330	calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (acid calcium pyrophosphate)	Dietary supplement etc.	14866–19-4	216.04	-⁽²⁰⁾	-^H23
331	disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (acid disodium pyrophosphate)	Processing agent	7758-16-9	221.94	-^(4)(20)	-⁽⁴⁾
332	ferric pyrophosphate	Dietary supplement etc.	1332-96-3	745.21	-^(4)(11)	-⁽⁴⁾
333	sodium pyrophosphate (tetrasodium pyrophosphate)	品質改良剤	7722-88-5	265.90	-^(5)(15)	-⁽⁵⁾
334	pyrrole	Flavoring agent	109–97-7	67.09	-^FSC49	+^H18	-^H21
335	l -phenylalanine	Dietary supplement etc.	63–91-2	165.19	-^(2)(18)	-⁽²⁾
336	isoamyl phenylacetate	Flavoring agent	102–19-2	206.28	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H25
337	isobutyl phenylacetate	Flavoring agent	102–13-6	192.25	-⁽¹⁹⁾	-^H24
338	ethyl phenylacetate	Flavoring agent	101–97-3	164.20	-^(2)(16)	-⁽²⁾
339	2-(3-phenylpropyl) pyridine	Flavoring agent	2110-18-1	197.28	-^H17	+^H17	-^H18
340	phenethylamine	Flavoring agent	64–04-0	121.18	-^H17	+^H17	-^H18
341	phenol ethers (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
342	phenols (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
343	ferrocyanides (potassium ferrocyanide (potassium hexacyanoferrate (ii)), calcium ferrocyanide (calcium hexacyanoferrate (ii)), sodium ferrocyanide (sodium hexacyanoferrate (ii)))	Processing agent etc.	13943–58-3, 13821–08-4, 13601–19-9	422.39, 508.29, 484.06	–	–				Evaluated as potassium ferrocyanide and sodium ferrocyanide
344	butanol	Processing agent etc.	71一36–3	74.12	-^H15	-^H15	-^H15
345	butylamine	Flavoring agent	109–73-9	73.14	-^FSC50	+^H17	-^H18
346	butyraldehyde	Flavoring agent	123–78-8	72.11	-^FSC51	+^FSC51 -^FSC51	-^FSC51
347	butylated hydroxyanisole	Antioxidant	25013–16-5	180.24	-^(1)(10)	-⁽¹⁾	-⁽³⁾
348	fumaric acid	Acidifier	110–17-8	116.07	-^(4)(17)	-⁽⁴⁾
349	monosodium fumarate (sodium fumarate)	Acidifier	5873-57-4	138.05	-^(5)(19)	-⁽⁵⁾
350	fludioxonil	Preservative etc.	131341–86-1	248.19	-^FSC52	+^FSC52	-^FSC52
351	furfurals and its derivatives (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent			-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H23				Furfural was used for the assay.
352	propanol	Processing agent etc.	71–23-8	60.09	-^FSC53
353	propionaldehyde	Flavoring agent	123–38-6	58.08	-^FSC54		-^H17
354	propionic acid	Flavoring agent etc.	79–09-4	74.08	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H22
355	isoamyl propionate	Flavoring agent	105–68-0	144.21	-^(3)(16)	-⁽³⁾
356	ethyl propionate	Flavoring agent	105–37-3	102.13	-^(3)(16)	-⁽³⁾
357	calcium propionate	Preservative	4075-81-4	186.22	-^(2)(16)	-⁽²⁾
358	sodium propionate	Preservative	137–40-6	96.06	-^(1)(11)	-⁽¹⁾
359	benzyl propionate	Flavoring agent	122–63-4	164.20	-⁽¹⁶⁾	-^H24
360	propylene glycol	Quality sustainer etc.	57–55-6	76.09	-^(1)(14)	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
361	propylene glycol esters of fatty acids	Emulsifier			-^(2)(20)	-⁽²⁾
362	hexanoic acid (caproic acid)	Flavoring agent	142–62-1	116.16	-⁽¹²⁾	-^H24
363	allyl hexanoate (allyl caproate)	Flavoring agent	123–68-2	156.22	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-⁽⁴⁾ -^H22
364	ethyl hexanoate (ethyl caproate)	Flavoring agent	123–66-0	144.21	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-⁽⁴⁾ -^H24
365	ethyl heptanoate (ethyl enanthate)	Flavoring agent	106–30-9	158.24	-⁽¹²⁾	-^H24
366	l -perillaldehyde	Flavoring agent	18031–40-8	150.22	-^(3)(19)	+⁽³⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
367	benzyl alcohol	Flavoring agent	100–51-6	108.14	-^(3)(17)	-⁽³⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
368	benzaldehyde	Flavoring agent	100–52-7	106.12	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H22
369	2-pentanol (sec-amylalcohol)	Flavoring agent	6032-29-7	88.15	-^H16	-^H16
370	trans-2-pentenal	Flavoring agent	1576-87-0	84.12			-^H17
371	1-penten-3-ol	Flavoring agent	616–25-1	86.13	+^H16	-^H16	-^H17			Ames showed positive only in T1537, whose maximum number of the revertants was s within the range of negative control.
372	aromatic alcohols	Flavoring agent
373	aromatic aldehydes (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
374	propyl gallate	Antioxidant	121–79-9	212.20	-⁽¹⁾ + ⁽¹³⁾	+⁽¹⁾	-^H21	-^H21		Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
375	sodium polyacrylate	Thickening agents etc.	9003–04-7		-^(2)(13)	-⁽²⁾
376	polyisobutylene (butyl rubber)	Chewing gum base	9003–27-4		-⁽³⁾	-⁽³⁾
377	polysorbate 20	Emulsifier etc.	9005-64-5	1227.72						See the data on substances with different molecular weight
378	polysorbate 60	Emulsifier etc.	9005-67-8	1311.90	-^FSC55	-^FSC55
379	polysorbate 65	Emulsifier etc.	9005-71-4	1842	-^FSC55	+^FSC55	-^FSC55
380	polysorbate 80	Emulsifier etc.	9005-65-6	1309.68	-^FSC55	-^FSC55	-^FSC55		Rec assay: -^FSC55
381	polyvinylpyrroridone	Thickening agents etc.	9003-39-8		-^FSC56
382	polyvinylpolypyrrolidone	Processing agent	25249–54-1		-^FSC57
383	polybutene (polybutylene)	Chewing gum base	9003–28-5		-^(4)(20)	-⁽⁴⁾
384	potassium polyphosphate	Processing agent	68956–75-2		-⁽²⁰⁾	-^H22
385	sodium polyphosphate	Processing agent	68915–31-1		-^(3)(5)(15)	-⁽³⁾⁽⁵⁾				Sodium tripolyphosphate was used in (3).
386	d -borneol	Flavoring agent	464–43-7	154.25	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H22
387	maltol	Flavoring agent	118–71-8	126.11	-⁽⁴⁾ + ⁽¹⁷⁾	+⁽⁴⁾	+⁽⁹⁾	-^H21		Target organs for TGR in mice:liver, stomach (glandular stomach)
388	d-mannitol (d-mannite)	Antisticking agent etc.	69–65-8	182.17	-^(3)(13)	-⁽³⁾
389	potassium metaphosphate	Processing agent	7790–53-6	118.07	-^(2)(15)	-⁽²⁾
390	sodium metaphosphate	Processing agent	10361–03-2	101.96	-^(3)(15)	-⁽³⁾
391	dl-methionine	Dietary supplement etc.	59–51-8	149.21	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H22
392	l-methionine	Dietary supplement	63–68-3	149.21	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H23
393	methyl n-methylanthranilate	Flavoring agent	85–91-6	165.19	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H22
394	5-methylquinoxaline	Flavoring agent	13708–12-8	144.17	-^H15	+^H15	-^H15
395	6-methylquinoline	Flavoring agent	91–62-3	143.19			-^H16
396	6,7-dihydro-5-methyl-5 h-cyclopentapyrazine	Flavoring agent	23747–48-0	134.18	-^H16	-^H16	-^H17
397	methyl cellulose	Thickening agents etc.	9004–67-5		-^(3)(5)(14)	-⁽³⁾
398	1-methylnaphthalene	Flavoring agent	90–12-0	142.20	-^FSC58	+^H17	-^H18	-^FSC58		Target organs for TGR in mice:lung
399	methyl β-naphthyl ketone	Flavoring agent	93–08-3	170.21	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H24
400	2-methypyrazine	Flavoring agent	109–08-0	94.11	-^FSC59		-^H16
401	2-methylbutanol	Flavoring agent	137–32-6	88.15	-^H15	-^H15	-^H15
402	3-methyl-2-butanol	Flavoring agent	598–75-4	88.15	-^H17	-^H17
403	2-methylbutyraldehyde	Flavoring agent	96–17-3	86.13	-^FSC60		-^H17
404	trans −2-methyl-2-butenal, (e)-2-methyl-2-butenal	Flavoring agent	497–03-0	84.12	+^H17	+^H17	-^H18
405	3-methyl-2-butenal	Flavoring agent	107–86-8	84.12	+^H16	+^H16	-^H17
406	3-methyl-2-butenol	Flavoring agent	556–82-1	86.13	+^H16	+^H16	+^H17			The result of MN was pseudo positive.
407	methyl hesperidin (soluble vitamin P)	Dietary supplement	11013–97-1	624.59	-^(3)(12)	-⁽³⁾
408	dl-menthol (dl-peppermint camphor)	Flavoring agent	89–78-1	156.27	-^(1)(20)	-⁽¹⁾
409	l-menthol (peppermint camphor)	Flavoring agent	2216–51-5	156.269	-^(4)(17)	-⁽⁴⁾
410	morpholine salts of fatty acids	Coating agent			-⁽²⁾	-⁽²⁾
411	folic acid	Dietary supplement	59–30-3	441.404	-^(5)(11)	-⁽⁵⁾
412	butyric acid	Flavoring agent	107–92-6	88.106	-^(3)(17)	-⁽³⁾
413	isoamyl butyrate	Flavoring agent	106–27-4	158.241	-^(3)(4)(17)	-⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾
414	ethyl butyrate	Flavoring agent	105–54-4	116.16	-^(3)(4)(17)	-⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾
415	cyclohexyl butyrate	Flavoring agent	1551-44-6	170.252	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H25
416	butyl butyrate	Flavoring agent	109–21-7	144.214	-⁽¹⁷⁾	-^H24
417	lactones (except those generally recognized as highly toxic)	Flavoring agent
418	l-lysine l-aspartate	Dietary supplement etc.			-⁽⁵⁾	-⁽⁵⁾
419	l-lysine monohydrochloride	Dietary supplement etc.	657–27-2	182.65	-^(5)(18)	-⁽⁵⁾
420	l-lysine l-glutamate	Dietary supplement etc.			-^H23	-^H23
421	linalool	Flavoring agent	78–70-6	154.25	-^(3)(17)	-⁽³⁾
422	calcium 5′-ribonucleotide	Seasoning			-^H22	-^H22
423	disodium 5′-ribonucleotide (sodium 5′-ribonucleotide)	Seasoning			-⁽³⁾	-⁽³⁾
424	riboflavin (vitamin B2)	Dietary supplement etc.	83–88-5	376.369	-^(1)(6)(11)	+⁽¹⁾	-⁽⁹⁾		Rec assay: -⁽⁶⁾
425	riboflavin tetrabutyrate (vitamin B2 tetrabutyrate)	Dietary supplement etc.	752–56-7	656.733	-^(4)(18)	-⁽⁴⁾
426	riboflavin 5′-phosphate sodium (riboflavin phosphate sodium, vitamin B2 phosphate sodium)	Dietary supplement etc.	130–40-5	478.33	-^(3)(18)+⁽⁵⁾	-⁽³⁾	-⁽⁷⁾
427	sulfuric acid	Processing agent	7664-93-9	98.072	-⁽¹⁶⁾
428	aluminum ammonium sulfate (crystal: ammonium alum, desiccated: burnt ammonium alum)	Raising agent etc.	7784–25-0	237.15	-⁽¹⁴⁾	-^H20	-^H20
429	aluminum potassium sulfate (crystal: alum or potassium alum, desiccated: burnt alum)	Raising agent etc.	10043–67-1	258.21	-^(3)(14)	-⁽³⁾	-^H20
430	ammonium sulfate	Processing agent	7783-20-2	132.14	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H23
431	potassium sulfate	Seasoning etc.	7778–80-5	174.25						See substances with different salt
432	calcium sulfate	Tofu coagulator etc.	7778–18-9	172.17	-⁽¹³⁾	-^H23
433	ferrous sulfate	Dietary supplement etc.	13463–43-9	151.91	-^(3)(19)	+⁽³⁾	-⁽⁹⁾
434	sodium sulfate	Processing agent	7757-82-6	142.036	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H23
435	magnesium sulfate	Tofu coagulator etc.	7487-88-9	120.361	-^(3)(18)	-⁽³⁾				Dried sample was also used in (3)
436	dl-malic acid (dl -malic acid)	Acidifier	6915-15-7	134.087	-^(2)(17)	-⁽²⁾
437	sodium dl-malate (sodium dl -malate)	Acidifier etc.	138–09-0	178.051	-^(4)(19)	-⁽⁴⁾
438	phosphoric acid	Acidifier	7664-38-2	97.994	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H23
439	distarch phosphate	Thickening agents etc.	–		-^FSC20	-^FSC20	-^FSC20
440	monostarch phosphate	Thickening agents etc.	–		-^FSC20	-^FSC20	-^FSC20
441	tripotassium phosphate (potassium phosphate, tribasic)	Processing agent	7778-53-2	212.264	-⁽¹⁹⁾
442	tricalcium phosphate (calcium phosphate, tribasic)	Processing agent etc.	7758-87-4	310.18	-⁽¹³⁾
443	trimagnesium phosphate	Processing agent	10233–87-1	262.86						See substances with different salt
444	diammonium hydrogen phosphate (diammnonium phosphate or ammnonium phosphate, dibasic)	Processing agent	7783-28-0	132.056	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H23
445	ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ammonium phosphate,monobasic or monoammonium phosphate)	Processing agent	7722-76-1	115.025	-^(5)(18)	+⁽⁵⁾	-⁽⁷⁾
446	dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (dipotassium phosphate or potassium phosphate, dibasic)	Processing agent	7758-11-4	174.174	-⁽¹⁹⁾
447	potassium dihydrogen phosphate (monopotassium	Processing agent	7778–77-0	136.084	-⁽¹⁸⁾	-^H22
448	calcium monohydrogen phosphate (calcium phosphate,	Processing agent	136.06	136.06	-^(5)(12)	-⁽⁵⁾
449	calcium dihydrogen phosphate (calcium phosphate,	Processing agent	7758-23-8	234.05	-^(3)(14)	-⁽³⁾
450	disodium hydrogen phosphate (disodium phosphate)	Processing agent	7558-79-4	141.958	-^(3)(19)	-⁽³⁾				Crystal form and anhydrous form were used in (3) and in (19), respectively.
451	sodium dihydrogen phosphate (monosodium phosphate)	Processing agent	7558-80-7	119.976	-⁽¹⁸⁾
452	magnesium monohydrogen phosphate	Processing agent etc.	7782–75-4	174.33						See compounds with different salt
453	trisodium phosphate (sodium phosphate, tribasic)	Processing agent	7601-54-9	163.94	-⁽¹⁹⁾					Anhydrous substrate was also used in the assay
454	phosphated distarch phosphate	Thickening agents etc.	–							See substrate with different salt

^aNumbers are consistent with those shown in Tables 1 and 2
^bUnderlined bold style means that the items are added as indicated in Table 2
^c(H12) means Heisei era 12, and indicates that it referred to the report on food inspection expenses implemented in 2000 (=Heisei 12). The same applies to H13, H16, H17, H18, H20, H21, H22, H23, H24, H25, H26
^d(FSC) indicates Risk assessment reports in Food Safety Commission of Japan. See http://www.fsc.go.jp/fsciis/evaluationDocument/list?itemCategory=000 (Additional file 1)

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