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Fig. 1 | Genes and Environment

Fig. 1

From: Current perspectives on mechanisms of ribonucleotide incorporation and processing in mammalian DNA

Fig. 1

Overview of processing mechanisms of ribonucleotides embedded in DNA. (1) Embedded ribonucleotides are repaired by RNase H2-dependent RER. (2) In the absence of RNase H2, ribonucleotides in DNA are processed by topoisomerases, resulting in genomic instability. (3) The BER factor APE1 excises the damaged ribonucleotides in DNA. (4) The involvement of NER on ribonucleotide removal is under debate. (5) APTX resolves abortive ligation intermediates created at 5′-ribonucleotide termini. (6) Ribonucleotides on the template DNA strand impact on DNA synthesis

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