Fig. 3
From: Recent progress and perspectives on the mechanisms underlying Asbestos toxicity
A model of the carcinogenesis of mesothelioma in an asbestos-induced mutagenic microenvironment. Phagocytosed asbestos induces a mutagenic microenvironment rich in Fe (II), IL-1ß, ROS, and HMGB1 [16, 17, 19, 27, 46, 50,51,52]. The BAP1 mutation contributes to the suppression of mesothelial cell death and the accumulation of additional mutations associated with mesothelioma carcinogenesis [69]. Abbreviations: IL-1ß: Interleukin-1ß; ROS, reactive oxygen species; HMGB1, high mobility group box-1 protein; BAP1, BRCA1-associated protein 1