Group
|
Chemical
|
Abbreviation
|
CAS no.
|
In vivo MN assay (Liver)
|
Rat carcinogenicity
|
---|
| | | |
2 weeks
|
Ref.
|
4 weeks
|
Ref.
|
Liver
|
Other sites
|
Ref.
|
Group A
|
Dimethylnitrosamine
|
DMN
|
62–75-9
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
kid, lun, vsc, tes
|
[22]
|
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine
|
NPYR
|
930–55-2
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
kid, vsc, tes
|
[22, 23]
|
4,4′-Methylenedianiline
|
MDA
|
101–77-9
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
thy
|
[24]
|
N-Nitrosodipropylamine
|
NDPA
|
621–64-7
|
+
|
[2]
|
ND
| |
+
|
eso, nas
|
[22]
|
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
|
2,4-DNT
|
121–14-2
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
ski, mgl
|
[22]
|
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
|
2,6-DNT
|
606–20-2
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
–
|
[22]
|
Quinoline
|
QUN
|
91–22-5
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
–
|
[25]
|
p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
|
DAB
|
60–11-7
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
–
|
[22]
|
2-Nitropropane
|
2-NP
|
79–46-9
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
–
|
[26]
|
Monocrotaline
|
MCT
|
315–22-0
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
–
|
[22]
|
N-Nitrosomorpholine
|
NMOR
|
59–89-2
|
+
|
[2]
|
ND
| |
+
|
vsc
|
[22]
|
2-Acetylaminofluorene
|
2-AAF
|
53–96-3
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
ski, mgl
|
[22]
|
Sudan I (C.I.solvent yellow 14)
|
Sudan I
|
842–07-9
|
+
|
[21]
|
ND
| |
+
|
–
|
[22]
|
Thioacetamide
|
TAA
|
62–55-5
|
+
|
[21]
|
+
|
[21]
|
+
|
–
|
[22]
|
Group B
|
Mitomycin C
|
MMC
|
50–07-7
|
+
|
[2]
|
+
|
[2]
|
–
|
per
|
[22]
|
Cyclophosphamide H2O
|
CP
|
6055-19-2
|
–
|
[2]
|
ND
| |
–
|
ub, lym, ner
|
[27]
|
Potassium bromate
|
KBrO3
|
7758-01-2
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
kid, per, thy
|
[22]
|
N-Methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
|
MNNG
|
70–25-7
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
eso, smi, sto
|
[22]
|
Methyl methanesulfonate
|
MMS
|
66–27-3
|
+
|
[2]
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
hmo, lun, ner
|
[22, 26]
|
Kojic acid
|
KA
|
501–30-4
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
[2]
|
–
|
thy (mouse)
|
[22]
|
- MN assay: micronucleus assay
- +: positive; −: negative; ND: no data;
- kid: kidney; lun: lung; vsc: vascular system; tes: testes; thy: thyroid gland; eso: esophagus; nas: nasal cavity; ski: skin; mgl: mammary gland; per: peritoneal cavity;
- ub: urinary bladder; lym: lymphocyte; ner: nervous system; smi: small intestine; sto: stomach; hmo: hematopoietic system; pan: pancreas
- Group A, Genotoxic hepatocarcinogens;
- Group B, Genotoxic carcinogens but non-liver-targeted