Analysis of rat liver public data (OPEN TG-GATEs, DNA microarray). Discrimination of GTHCs from NGTHCs and NGTNHCs at 24Â h after a single administration and 29Â days after repeated administrations by PCA with 12 marker genes (Aen, Bax, Btg2, Ccnf, Ccng1, Cdkn1a, Gdf15, Lrp1, Mbd1, Phlda3, Plk2, and Tubb2c). The mean of each control group was calculated as 0 (log2), and ratio (exp/cont) log2 was calculated. These numerical values were analyzed by PCA. At 24Â h, five GTHCs (brown-colored, AAF, AFL, DEN, NNM, and 2NF) were discriminated from seven NGTHCs (yellow-colored, CLO, ETH, FEN, GEM, HEX, PHE, and WY) (A); and five GTHCs (AAF, AFL, DEN, NNM, and 2NF) were discriminated from 11 NGTNHCs (blue-colored, AA, ASP, CAF, CPA, CPP, DEX, DIA, IND, PBZ, THE, and TOL) (B), with each of the three doses (low, middle and high) and five GTHCs to seven NGTHCs plus 11 NGTNHCs (C). At 29Â days, two GTHCs (AAF and DEN) were discriminated from seven NGTHCs (CLO, ETH, FEN, GEM, HEX, PHE, and WY) (D), two GTHCs (AAF and DEN) from 10 NGTNHC (AA, ASP, CAF, CPA, CPP, DIA, IND, PBZ, THE, and TOL) (E), and two GTHCs from seven NGTHCs plus 10 NGTNHCs (F), with each of the three doses (low, middle and high except DEN). Each group is discriminated with a dashed line. GTHCs [AAF: 2- acetamidofluorene, AFL: aflatoxin B1, 2NF: 2-nitrofluorene, DEN: N-nitrosodiethylamine and NNM: N-nitrosomorpholine], NGTHCs [CLO: clofibrate, ETH: ethanol, FEN: fenofibrate, GEM: gemfibrozil, HEX: hexa-chlorobenzene, PHE: phenobarbital, and WY: WY-14643] and NGTNHCs (mostly pharmaceutical drugs) [AA: allyl alcohol, ASP: aspirin, CAF: caffeine, CPA: chlorpheniramine, CPP: chlorpropamide, DEX: dexamethasone, DIA: diazepam, IND: indomethacin, PBZ: phenylbutazone, THE: theophylline, and TOL: tolbutamide]. Each group is enclosed with a dashed ellipse [47]