Carcinogenic risk of food additive AF-2 banned in Japan: a case study on reassessment of genotoxicity

Genes and Environment

Table 5 Results of carcinogenicity tests for AF-2

Animal/species	Doses	TD₅₀ mg/kg/day	malignancy-observed tissues	References
Rat, SD	0.2%, in food 46 weeks		breast cancer adenocarcinoma	Cohen et al. [30]
Rat, Wistar	0.4%, in food, 18 months	74.7	mammary, tumor forestomach, papillomas	Takayama and Kuwabara [46]
Rat, Wistar			mammary tumors	Takayama and Kuwabara [32]
Mouse, CDF₁	0.08/0.4%, in food 18 months	714	forestomach, tumors	Takayama and Kuwabara [32]
Mouse, ICR/JCL	0.08/0.4%, in food 440 days	95.0	forestomach, carcinoma/ papillomas	Yokoro et al. [47]
Mouse, ddY	2500 mg/kg, in food 308 days	72.9	forestomach, carcinoma/ papillomas	Sano et al. [31]
Mouse, ddY	0.05/0.15/0.45%, in food, 18 months	550*	forestomach, carcinoma	Ochiai et al. [19]

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