Table 1 Quantification of important phenolic compounds in Plantago ovata seedlings under Se treatments

Gallic acid

1.77 ± 0.03 ^a

1.30 ± 0.19 ^b

1.32 ± 0.03 ^b

0.59 ± 0.03 ^c

0.32 ± 0.04 ^c

Chlorogenic acid

0.39 ± 0.01 ^a

2.41 ± 0.19 ^b

3.98 ± 0.03 ^c

10.49 ± 0.16 ^d

1.15 ± 0.01 ^e

Caffeic acid

102.85 ± 0.29 ^a

328.62 ± 0.04 ^b

64.01 ± 0.04 ^c

32.28 ± 0.03 ^d

4.44 ± 0.04 ^e

Rutin

169.39 ± 1.95 ^a

255.23 ± 0.19 ^b

321.56 ± 0.04 ^c

133.99 ± 0.03 ^d

16.15 ± 0.30 ^e

Coumaric acid

100.27 ± 1.76 ^a

147.99 ± 0.20 ^b

66.48 ± 0.01 ^c

20.03 ± 0.26 ^d

2.715 ± 0.04 ^e

Quercetin

6.33 ± 0.12 ^a

15.65 ± 0.21 ^b

10.73 ± 0.04 ^c

35.13 ± 0.02 ^d

1.82 ± 0.01 ^e

Cinnamic acid

1.42 ± 0.03 ^a

2.35 ± 0.18 ^b

1.98 ± 0.01 ^b

4.57 ± 0.03 ^c

5.25 ± 0.03 ^d

Vanillic acid

n.d.

n.d.

0.25 ± 0.04 ^a

0.49 ± 0.04 ^b

0.62 ± 0.03 ^c

Syringic acid

0.37 ± 0.01 ^a

0.75 ± 0.29 ^a

0.43 ± 0.02 ^a

0.43 ± 0.05 ^a

0.46 ± 0.01 ^a

Ferulic acid

0.17 ± 0.00 ^a

0.44 ± 0.04 ^b

0.38 ± 0.03 ^b

0.14 ± 0.06 ^a

0.16 ± 0.03 ^a

Luteolin

17.51 ± 0.36 ^a

21.89 ± 0.14 ^b

21.21 ± 0.06 ^b,d

24.16 ± 0.07 ^c

20.74 ± 0.03 ^d

Ellagic acid

17.74 ± 0.23 ^a

21.38 ± 0.18 ^b

21.85 ± 0.03 ^b

24.27 ± 0.08 ^c

24.38 ± 0.03 ^c