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  2. According to the linear no-threshold model (LNT), even the smallest amount of radiation is hazardous. Although the LNT is not based on solid data, this hypothesis has been applied to mutagens and carcinogens. ...

    Authors: Shizuyo Sutou, Akiko Koeda, Kana Komatsu, Toshiyuki Shiragiku, Hiroshi Seki, Kohji Yamakage, Takeru Niitsuma, Toshiyuki Kudo and Akihiro Wakata
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Use of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships ((Q)SAR) prediction tools has been increasing since the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use ...

    Authors: Masayuki Mishima, Tsuneo Hashizume, Yu Haranosono, Yusuke Nagato, Kentaro Takeshita, Junichi Fukuchi and Masamitsu Homma
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:19
    Content type: Meeting report Published on:

  5. The carcinogenic potential of dimethylaniline (DMA) isomers in rodents and humans has been previously reported, and there is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of 2,6-DMA in experimental animals. The ...

    Authors: Arihiro Kohara, Mariko Matsumoto, Akihiko Hirose, Makoto Hayashi, Masamitsu Honma and Takayoshi Suzuki
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Grx6 is a yeast Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum protein involved in iron-sulfur binding that belongs to monothiol glutaredoxin-protein family. Grx6 has been biochemically characterized previously. Grx6 contains a ...

    Authors: Mohnad Abdalla, Wafa Ali Eltayb, Amr Ahmed El-Arabey, Raihan Mo, T. I. M. Dafaalla, Hamed I. Hamouda, Eijaz Ahmed Bhat, Annoor Awadasseid and Hassan Abdellha Ahmed Ali
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Nucleoside triphosphates participate in fundamental cellular processes as building blocks of DNA and RNA, energy carriers, and cofactors in enzymatic reactions, and their balance is tightly regulated. Here, we...

    Authors: Shun Matsuda and Toshihiko Kasahara
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. There is still considerable debate about the effects of exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) an endocrine disrupter at low doses. Recently, many studies using animal models have shown that prenatal BPA exposure induc...

    Authors: Toshiki Aiba, Toshiyuki Saito, Akiko Hayashi, Shinji Sato, Harunobu Yunokawa, Toru Maruyama, Wataru Fujibuchi and Seiichiroh Ohsako
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. ÎłH2AX, the phosphorylated form of a histone variant H2AX at Ser 139, is already widely used as a biomarker to research the fundamental biology of DNA damage and repair and to assess the risk of environmental c...

    Authors: Shigeki Motoyama, Akira Takeiri, Kenji Tanaka, Asako Harada, Kaori Matsuzaki, Junko Taketo, Saori Matsuo, Etsuko Fujii and Masayuki Mishima
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:10
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. The International Association of Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Societies (IAEMGS) is a global organization that promotes applied and basic research on environmental mutagenesis and genomics. IAEMGS is...

    Authors: Takehiko Nohmi, Catarina S. Takahashi, Byung-Mu Lee, Michael F. Fenech and Masami Yamada
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:9
    Content type: Meeting report Published on:

  14. A large-scale study was conducted by multiple laboratories affiliated with the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society and the Bacterial Mutagenicity Study Group to investigate possible proficiency indicators f...

    Authors: Masayuki Kato, Kei-ichi Sugiyama, Toshiro Fukushima, Yasuyoshi Miura, Takumi Awogi, Shigetomo Hikosaka, Kumiko Kawakami, Madoka Nakajima, Masato Nakamura, Hajime Sui, Kumiko Watanabe and Atsushi Hakura
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:7
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  15. Oxidative stress leads to many kinds of diseases. Currently, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is widely measured as an oxidative stress biomarker. There is a specific advantage if saliva can be used as...

    Authors: Kazuaki Kawai, Hiroshi Kasai, Yun-Shan Li, Yuya Kawasaki, Shintaro Watanabe, Masanori Ohta, Toru Honda and Hiroshi Yamato
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:5
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  16. We examined the correlation between the results of in vitro and in vivo chromosomal damage tests by using in-house data of 18 pharmaceutical candidates that showed positive results in the in vitro chromosomal ...

    Authors: Eiji Yamamura, Chinami Aruga, Shigeharu Muto, Nobuyuki Baba and Yoshifumi Uno
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:6
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  18. The in vivo comet assay is a widely used genotoxicity test that can detect DNA damage in a range of organs. It is included in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guidelines for the Testi...

    Authors: Takahiro Kyoya, Rika Iwamoto, Yuko Shimanura, Megumi Terada and Shuichi Masuda
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:4
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  19. Oxidative damage is an important genotoxic source for almost all organisms. To efficiently detect mutations induced by oxidative damage, we previously developed a urate-null Drosophila strain. Using this Droso...

    Authors: Ryota Koike, Tomoyo Uchiyama, Sakae Arimoto-Kobayashi, Keinosuke Okamoto and Tomoe Negishi
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. We have demonstrated that retrospective evaluation of existing data of in vitro chromosomal aberration test using the new cytotoxicity indices RICC (relative increase in cell count) or RPD (relative population...

    Authors: Hiroshi Honda, Yurika Fujita, Toshio Kasamatsu, Anne Fuchs, Rolf Fautz and Osamu Morita
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:2
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  21. Environmental factors stimulate alteration of DNA methylation level. Investigation of the genome-wide DNA methylation status is important for environmental health studies. We here designed a genomic DNA amplif...

    Authors: Hisaka Kurita, Toshiki Aiba, Toshiyuki Saito and Seiichiroh Ohsako
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2018 40:1
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  22. The high-fidelity transmission of genetic information is crucial for the survival of organisms, the cells of which have the ability to protect DNA against endogenous and environmental agents, including reactiv...

    Authors: Sayoko Ito-Harashima and Takashi Yagi
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:28
    Content type: Review Published on:

  23. Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are one of the most frequent DNA lesions. AP sites inhibit transcription and DNA replication, and induce cell death. AP endonucleases are key enzymes in AP site repair. Several...

    Authors: Masafumi Funakoshi, Daisuke Nambara, Yuichiro Hayashi and Qiu-Mei Zhang-Akiyama
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:27
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  24. The open symposium of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS) titled, “Research on Environmental Mutagenesis from Young Scientists,” was held at Kokusai Kenkyu Koryu Kaikan, the Foundation for Promot...

    Authors: Kenichi Masumura and Shuichi Masuda
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:26
    Content type: Meeting report Published on:

  25. The adverse effects of Asian dust (AD) on health have been demonstrated in earlier studies, but there is no standardized definition for heavy–AD. This study aimed to examine which definition of heavy–AD has th...

    Authors: Jun Kurai, Masanari Watanabe, Hisashi Noma, Kyoko Iwata, Jumpei Taniguchi, Hiroyuki Sano, Yuji Tohda and Eiji Shimizu
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. The commonly consumed antioxidants β-carotene and tea polyphenols were used to assess their protective effects against γ-radiation induced sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) mutation and oxidative stress in Droso...

    Authors: Isha Nagpal and Suresh K. Abraham
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Blackcurrant (Ribs nigrum L.) is a classical fruit that has long been used to prepare juice, jam, liqueur, and sometimes medicines in Europe. Previously, we reported a genome defense effect by the antioxidative a...

    Authors: Ayumi Yamamoto, Tokuhisa Hirouchi, Saori Kawamorita, Kana Nakashima, Atena Sugiyama and Yoji Kato
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:22
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  29. Guanine is the most readily oxidized of the four DNA bases, and guanine oxidation products cause G:C-T:A and G:C-C:G transversions through DNA replication. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) causes G:C-T:A tran...

    Authors: Katsuhito Kino, Masayo Hirao-Suzuki, Masayuki Morikawa, Akane Sakaga and Hiroshi Miyazawa
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:21
    Content type: Review Published on:

  30. Recently, Asian dust (AD) has become a serious health problem and several studies have clearly proven that AD can aggravate asthma. However, it remains unclear as to which components of AD have a strong effect...

    Authors: Kyoko Iwata, Masanari Watanabe, Jun Kurai, Naoto Burioka, Sachiko Nakamoto, Degejirihu Hantan and Eiji Shimizu
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Genetic and environmental risk factors play an important role for the susceptibility to sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD). It was hypothesized that a splice variant of the CYP2D6 gene (CYP2D6*4 allele) is associa...

    Authors: Anwarullah, Muhammad Aslam, Mazhar Badshah, Rashda Abbasi, Aneesa Sultan, Kafaitullah Khan, Nafees Ahmad and Jakob von Engelhardt
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Pefcalcitol, an analog of vitamin D3 (VD3), is an anti-psoriatic drug candidate that is designed to achieve much higher pharmacological effects, such as keratinocyte differentiation, than those of VD3, with fewer...

    Authors: Akira Takeiri, Kenji Tanaka, Asako Harada, Kaori Matsuzaki, Mariko Yano, Shigeki Motoyama, Chie Katoh and Masayuki Mishima
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Kaolin is white clay mineral with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4, and many varieties of kaolins having different crystal structures are utilized in industrial, cosmetic and medical fields. To evaluate the...

    Authors: Tatsuya Kato, Tatsushi Toyooka, Yuko Ibuki, Shuichi Masuda, Masatoshi Watanabe and Yukari Totsuka
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. The Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS) was established in 1972 by 147 members, 11 of whom are still on the active list as of May 1, 2016. As one of them, I introduce some historic topics here. These...

    Authors: Shizuyo Sutou
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:9
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  40. The evolution of methods to assess genotoxicity of test compounds is thought to be one of the important subjects in The Japanese Environmental and Mutagen Society (JEMS). In 1970, the Ministry of Education of...

    Authors: Toshio Sofuni
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:15
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  41. Rats are a standard experimental animal for cancer bioassay and toxicological research for chemicals. Although the genetic analyses were behind mice, rats have been more frequently used for toxicological resea...

    Authors: Takehiko Nohmi, Kenichi Masumura and Naomi Toyoda-Hokaiwado
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:11
    Content type: Review Published on:

  43. Cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 helps detoxify the potential carcinogens in tobacco smoke, it was reported that polymorphisms in the coding gene result in variation in the expression and activity levels which alter met...

    Authors: Nada Ezzeldin, Dalia El-Lebedy, Amira Darwish, Ahmed El-Bastawisy, Mirhane Hassan, Shereen Abd El-Aziz, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid and Amal Saad-Hussein
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Interactions between genes and environment are critical factors for causing cancer in humans. The genotoxicity of environmental chemicals can be enhanced via the modulation of susceptible genes in host human c...

    Authors: Yuki Kanemaru, Tetsuya Suzuki, Akira Sassa, Kyomu Matsumoto, Noritaka Adachi, Masamitsu Honma, Satoshi Numazawa and Takehiko Nohmi
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. A powdered ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza aspera root exhibits antimutagenic activity against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) based on the Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA1535. The aim of this study was t...

    Authors: Keiko Inami, Yusuke Mine, Jin Tatsuzaki, Chihiro Mori and Masataka Mochizuki
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. It is known that fibrous particles of micrometer length, such as carbon nanotubes, which have same dimensions as asbestos, are carcinogenic. Carcinogenicity of nanomaterials is strongly related to inflammatory...

    Authors: Katsuyoshi Horibata, Akiko Ukai, Akio Ogata, Dai Nakae, Hiroshi Ando, Yoshikazu Kubo, Akemichi Nagasawa, Katsuhiro Yuzawa and Masamitsu Honma
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 39:4
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  47. Infection and chronic inflammation have been recognized as important factors for carcinogenesis. Under inflammatory conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated f...

    Authors: Shosuke Kawanishi, Shiho Ohnishi, Ning Ma, Yusuke Hiraku, Shinji Oikawa and Mariko Murata
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2017 38:26
    Content type: Review Published on:

  50. Guanine oxidation occurs in both DNA and the cellular nucleotide pool, and one of the major products is 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine). The mutagenic potentials of this oxidized base have been exa...

    Authors: Tetsuya Suzuki and Hiroyuki Kamiya
    Citation: Genes and Environment 2016 39:2
    Content type: Review Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Genes and Environment 2017 39:20

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