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Review
Genotoxicity is commonly evaluated during the chemical safety assessment together with other toxicological endpoints. The micronucleus test is always included in many genotoxic test guidelines for long time in...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:18
Published on: 1 October 2016
Research
Carcinogens are known to cause swelling of the mammalian cell nucleus. However, the mechanism of the swelling and its toxicological significance have not been fully elucidated. Since nuclear swelling (NS herea...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:22
Published on: 1 October 2016
Letter to the Editor
Many members of The Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS) have significantly contributed to guidelines on chemical genotoxicity. The guidelines have been useful for the hazard identification and risk a...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:14
Published on: 1 September 2016
Short report
Cytosine residues in CpG dinucleotides often undergo various types of modification, such as methylation, deamination, and halogenation. These types of modifications can be pro-mutagenic and can contribute to t...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:17
Published on: 1 September 2016
Review
Cancer is now the leading cause of death in Japan. A rapid increase in cancer mortality is expected as Japan is facing a super-aged society. Many causes of cancer are known to be closely linked to life style f...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:13
Published on: 1 August 2016
Review
Toxicogenomics is a rapidly developing discipline focused on the elucidation of the molecular and cellular effects of chemicals on biological systems. As a collaborative study group of Toxicogenomics/JEMS·MMS,...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:15
Published on: 1 August 2016
Review
To prevent human cancers, environmental mutagens must be identified. A common mechanism of carcinogenesis is DNA damage, and thus it is quite possible that environmental mutagens can be trapped as adducts by D...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:19
Published on: 1 July 2016
Review
In this article, three topics are being studied in order to understand the present state of cancer in Japan. First, the statistics on cancer mortality indicates that the mortality from cancer in young individu...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:16
Published on: 1 July 2016
Reviewer acknowledgement
The editors of Genes and Environment would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume XXXVII (2015).
Genes and Environment 2016 39:1
Published on: 22 June 2016
The Erratum to this article has been published in Genes and Environment 2017 39:20
Commentary
The linear no-threshold model (LNT) has been the basis for radiation protection policies worldwide for 60 years. LNT was fabricated without correct data. The lifespan study of Atomic bomb survivors (LSS) has p...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:12
Published on: 1 June 2016
Review
The mucosal immune system is unique to the gastrointestinal mucosa, in which a large number of immune cells are located and exert multiple functions. Meanwhile, ~100 trillion microorganisms are thought to co-i...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:11
Published on: 1 June 2016
Review
Interstrand DNA crosslinks (ICLs) are the link between Watson-Crick strands of DNAs with the covalent bond and prevent separation of DNA strands. Since the ICL lesion affects both strands of the DNA, the ICL r...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:9
Published on: 1 May 2016
Meeting report
The Open Symposium of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS), entitled “Life Style and Cancer”, was held at the Shiba-Kyoritsu campus of Keio University, Tokyo, on May 30, 2015. The major aim of thi...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:8
Published on: 1 May 2016
Research
Germline mutations are heritable and may cause health disadvantages in the next generation. To investigate trans-generational mutations, we treated male gpt delta mice with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) (85 mg/kg i...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:10
Published on: 1 April 2016
Review
Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies has shown that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The function of NSAIDs and the molecular targets...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:6
Published on: 1 April 2016
Research
Pesticide exposure possesses risk of genotoxicity to humans, particularly farmers. Despite accumulating evidences linking genotoxicity to pesticide exposure, epidemiological studies to address pesticide toxici...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:7
Published on: 1 March 2016
Short report
The study was carried out to identify the polymorphisms in mitochondrial genes (ATPase and ND1) in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) from Mizo population and to correlate the involvement of demographic factors.
Genes and Environment 2016 38:5
Published on: 1 March 2016
Research
Arsenic, a naturally occurring metalloid is a well-known water contaminant which causes a wide range of serious adverse health effects including cancer upon long-term exposure. Recent studies have shown high a...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:4
Published on: 19 February 2016
Short report
Several alkenylbenzenes, including methyleugenol (ME), are present in a wide range of botanicals and exhibit carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Negative results are generally obtained for alkenylbenzenes i...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:1
Published on: 7 February 2016
Commentary
The bacterial reverse mutation test, commonly called Ames test, is used worldwide. In Japan, the genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are regulated under the Cartagena Domestic Law, and organisms obtained by ...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:2
Published on: 22 January 2016
Review
Tobacco smoking is a major cause of lung cancer. It has been suggested that there is an approximately linear dose–response relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and clinical outcome such...
Genes and Environment 2016 38:3
Published on: 22 January 2016
Research
Asian dust events, transport of dust particles from arid and semi-arid areas in China and Mongolia to the east by prevailing westerlies, are often observed in Japan in spring. In recent decades, consumption of...
Genes and Environment 2015 37:25
Published on: 8 December 2015
Research
Transgenic gpt delta mouse and rat models were developed to perform gpt and Spi− assays for in vivo mutagenicity tests. The animals were established by integration of lambda EG10 phage DNA as a transgene into the...
Genes and Environment 2015 37:24
Published on: 1 December 2015
Review
Arsenic toxicity in humans manifests several outcomes in humans, which include arsenic-induced genomic instability, DNA damage, impaired DNA repair, carcinogenesis, dermatological lesions and other health rela...
Genes and Environment 2015 37:23
Published on: 1 November 2015
Short report
2,2,4-Triamino-5(2H)-oxazolone (Oz) in a DNA strand is an oxidation product of guanine and 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydroguanine, and such a lesion can cause G-to-C transversions. Previously, Fpg/Nei and Nth were shown to ha...
Genes and Environment 2015 37:22
Published on: 1 November 2015
